INTEGRATED APPROACH TO EVALUATING AND SELECTING WINDOW CONSTRUCTIONS FOR RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE SAFETY SITUATION

Abstract

An integral approach to the evaluation and selection of window constructions for residential buildings under a variable security environment is proposed. The developed model combines classical partial criteria (energy efficiency, architectural and functional properties, market cost, and anti-burglary protection level) with a safety-related criterion—the resistance of window structures to blast-wave impact. The criterion weights are determined using a staged expert pairwise comparison procedure, incorporating a renormalization mechanism that reflects changes in the security context. For spatial risk assessment, a clustering framework is introduced that classifies territories (Rear / Support / Frontier / Boundary / Critical Zone) based on proximity to active combat lines or high-risk borders, closeness to potential targets of missile and bomb attacks, and the density of such objects within the surrounding area. The practical section illustrates the application of the model using five alternative window constructions (V1–V5), demonstrating varying suitability of these options for macro-regions with different levels of security risk.

The method is intended to support engineering decision-making in selecting window systems under evolving safety conditions. The integral approach ensures transparency of decision-making, enables justification of the selected option in design documentation, and provides flexibility for adapting to shifts in weighting priorities and changes in the security situation.